> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.unblinked.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.unblinked.com/analytics/create-chart/python/2.-how-to-analyze-data/how-to-write-python.md).

# How to write Python

## Python code

The main goal is to put the code result you want to get into the `result` as a `pandas.DataFrame` object.

Your code will be wrapped by the following codes and be executed in this form. Be aware that `import` is **not allowed** in your code.

```python
import math
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import time
import datetime
import decimal
import get_raw_data, get_raw_data_in_df # functions to get the time-series data

# The object you have to put your code's result into
result : pd.DataFrame


'''
You code runs here
'''


# Convert result into JSON array.
# The structure should be the table with the columns.

return result
        .where(pd.notnull(code_dict["result"]), None)
        .replace({np.nan: None})
        .to_dict(orient="records")


```

***

## How to get market data

Unlike the [function mode](/analytics/create-chart/function.md), you will import the data you need in the **python code**. We provide some functions to import the them.

### 1. get\_raw\_data

`get_raw_data` is a function to get the data you can find in [data preview](/terminal/create-bot-strategy/1.-how-to-preview-data.md). It returns the data as an array of dictionaries. It requires four arguments; `table_name`, `symbol`, `start_time`, and `end_time`.

Check [**here**](https://docs.unblinked.com/analytics/create-chart/python/2.-how-to-analyze-data/pages/kZ8hy0a23Eo4qUWgraCg#1.-get-the-time-series-data) for more detail.

***

### 2. get\_raw\_data\_in\_df

`get_raw_data_in_df` is same as `get_raw_data`, but it refines the result into `pandas.DataFrame` type, and converts `decimal.Decimal` type values in it into `float`.

It is useful to apply methods from pandas such as `ewm` to the data.

Check [**here**](https://docs.unblinked.com/analytics/create-chart/python/2.-how-to-analyze-data/pages/kZ8hy0a23Eo4qUWgraCg#2.-get-the-time-series-data-in-dataframe) for more detail.

***

## Information 

Python version : 3.11.1

pandas : 2.0.0

numpy : 1.24.2